MTORC1 detects many extra- and intracellular signals and growth factors [xi], whereas mtorc2 is known to be activated only by growth factors [xii].The cognitive approach to learning growth factors would be things like insulin, mechanical muscle stimulus, while nutrient factors would be things like amino acids and glucose that promote growth factors such as insulin and IGF-1.The cognitive approach to learning

MTOR regulation is mostly mediated through AMP-activated kinase (AMPK). AMPK monitors the energy status of the cells through their glycogen content and ATP to AMP to ADP ratios.The cognitive approach to learning A reduction in energy activates AMPK which promotes catabolic pathways for maintaining energy homeostasis [xxii]. AMPK inhibits muscle growth by suppressing mtorc1.The cognitive approach to learning

Increased glycolysis, which is the metabolism of glucose into lactate, is often found to be higher in cancer cells, also known as the warburg effect [xxxvi].The cognitive approach to learning in 1924, otto warburg discovered that cancerous tumor cells primarily meet their energy demands from glycolysis. Akt regulates hexokinase 2, which is thought to cause this enhanced glycolysis in cancer cells.The cognitive approach to learning mtor promotes the activation of insulin receptors and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptors [xxxvii] [xxxviii], which is in most cases accompanied by glucose and glycolysis.The cognitive approach to learning

Methionine restriction could be beneficial for longevity as well. SAM (S-adenosyl-methionine) is the 2nd most common cofactors in enzymes after ATP, which detects the presence of methionine related nutrients in the body.The cognitive approach to learning one of the methionine sensor’s SAMTOR (S-adenosylmethionine upstream of mtorc1) inhibits mtorc1 signaling. Methionine restriction lowers SAM and increases SAMTOR, which improves glucose homeostasis and can promote longevity along the lines of caloric restriction.The cognitive approach to learning

One of the theories why people age and die is because of mitochondrial degradation. The free radical theory of aging states that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress damage the mitochondria, which decreases ATP production [xlvi].The cognitive approach to learning by lowering mtor you preserve ATP that would otherwise be used for protein synthesis. Low TOR signaling also upregulates autophagy, which helps to remove ROS and recycle old cells back into energy thus slowing down aging.The cognitive approach to learning

• mtor can also help you lose weight and be healthier. MTORC2 regulates glucose homeostasis via akt. Akt promotes glucose uptake by increasing GLUT4 translocation to the membrane in adipocytes [lxxv].The cognitive approach to learning the same effect is also true because of increased muscle mass and insulin sensitivity that’s accompanied by muscle. If you have too low mtor then you won’t be able to build muscle thus having poorer metabolic flexibility and thus actually predisposing yourself to disease.The cognitive approach to learning

• mtor also contributes to neural plasticity and learning memory development [lxxvi]. Neuroplasticity is a key factor to learning, skill acquisition, and memory retention.The cognitive approach to learning it seems that both too low levels of mtor and overexpression of mtor cause impaired learning and cognitive decline. Activating mtor in prefrontal neurons by HMB inhibits age-related cognitive decline in animals [lxxvii].The cognitive approach to learning mtor also helps to grow synaptic connections.

All in all, mtor signaling seems to be more problematic in people who already have a certain disease such as cancer, tumors, diabetes, or alzheimer’s.The cognitive approach to learning the reason is that mtor inhibits autophagy which would help to fight the disease by clearing out the diseased cells. If you’re sick and keep stimulating growth factors in the body, you’ll keep feeding the disease while simultaneously stopping the healing processes.The cognitive approach to learning that’s why strict fasting for an extended period of time seems to help treat a lot of diseases and cancers.

• time restricting your eating is probably the most effective and most critical thing for controlling mtor.The cognitive approach to learning even though you may be eating a low mtor diet you need autophagy as well if you want to promote lifespan. Too much or too little of either is something you’d want to avoid.The cognitive approach to learning that’s why balancing these pathways throughout the entire day is what’s going to give you optimal longevity.

That’s why I’d say the best strategy is to maintain a state of low mtor most of the day by fasting and then stimulating it in a post-workout setting.The cognitive approach to learning this ensures that you’ll be turning on mtor for its beneficial effects. If you’re raising mtor without needing to repair your body, then it’s inevitably going to be worse for longevity than if you were to do it after exercise.The cognitive approach to learning

MTOR isn’t like a progressively increasing energy catalyzer, meaning that you’re not going to keep growing more and more cells based upon how much protein or carbohydrates you ate in a meal.The cognitive approach to learning mtor is more like a switch that opens up the valve for many other upstream anabolic hormones supportive of tissue growth and cell proliferation.The cognitive approach to learning if you have the valve open all the time then it’s simply going to release more of these growth hormones into the body where they’ll keep building everything they can, including the good and the bad.The cognitive approach to learning

It doesn’t matter how much you restrict protein or carbohydrates because even small amounts of amino acids and energy will activate mtor to a certain degree.The cognitive approach to learning that’s going to have a less of an effect on how much growth happens but it’s still activated and thus inhibiting autophagy and catabolic processes, which would counterbalance mtor and actually give you the essential longevity-boosting mechanisms.The cognitive approach to learning

There are probably several ways of cycling mtor and such but the main idea is that you have to know how to balance these anabolic and catabolic pathways.The cognitive approach to learning you can fast in different time frames or throughout different weeklong cycles but it’s still best to focus harder on one end or the other without staying somewhere in the blimpy-zone of still having small amounts of mtor but not being in autophagy.The cognitive approach to learning